The monitoring network within this area

Hydrionis holds 358 values from 2 gauges within it. Discharge is a property of a gauge and its reach, not of this drainage area, so this page reports the network and its records rather than a single figure.

Gauges

358

Values held

1912–2026

Record spans

Gauges within the Vermilion huc8 subbasin

2 monitoring points, positioned as the publisher records them.

Flood peaks, as measured

This gauge's flood record, as measured. Unlike a daily mean it is the discharge at the moment the river was highest, which is the figure flood frequency analysis is built on.

Largest measured flow of each year at VERMILION RIVER NEAR DANVILLE, IL

The highest instantaneous discharge the publisher recorded in each year — a flood peak as measured, not a daily average of one. 1915–2025.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Published by the gauge's own operator from its sub-daily record; Hydrionis stores the figure rather than recomputing it. A year the gauge did not cover produces no value rather than a low one, and the gaps are stated below the chart. A peak is a property of this gauge and its reach: a larger flood upstream or downstream of it is not in this series.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	VERMILION RIVER NEAR DANVILLE, IL (m³/s)
1915	252
1916	413
1917	232
1918	168
1919	297
1920	447
1921	222
1929	286
1931	136
1932	212
1933	572
1934	56.9
1935	269
1936	614
1938	504
1939	1,379
1940	272
1941	190
1942	493
1943	1,079
1944	496
1945	297
1946	470
1947	283
1948	280
1949	365
1950	691
1951	646
1952	527
1953	328
1954	100.0
1955	102
1956	470
1957	268
1959	1,062
1960	447
1961	362
1962	348
1963	515
1964	739
1965	224
1966	156
1968	589
1969	428
1970	462
1971	252
1972	262
1973	470
1974	552
1975	368
1976	323
1977	265
1979	660
1980	498
1981	306
1982	481
1983	787
1984	436
1985	782
1987	139
1989	436
1990	813
1992	326
1993	657
1994	1,356
1995	436
1996	572
1997	396
1998	697
1999	377
2000	238
2001	343
2002	442
2003	481
2004	566
2005	634
2006	311
2007	371
2008	1,028
2009	620
2010	357
2011	507
2012	193
2013	833
2014	405
2015	711
2017	481
2018	1,124
2019	374
2020	433
2021	464
2023	326
2024	345
2025	300

About this series

Everything below is a property of the data rather than a rating of it. There is deliberately no single confidence score: how much a gap matters depends on what you are about to do with the series, and only you know that.

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Measured
Period held	1915–2025
Completeness	84.7% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	11 separate periods inside 1915–2025 hold no value. The longest runs from 1922 to 1928 — 7 years with no reading. They are drawn as breaks in the line and are never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1915 and is not continuous from it: 111 years separate the first value from the last, and 85% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Last read from the publisher	2026-08-31
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

How much of the rain came back out

A discharge in cubic metres per second cannot be compared with anything: the larger number may only mean the larger catchment. Divided by the area draining to the gauge it becomes a depth of water over that land, which answers a question a reader already has — of the rain that fell here, how much came back out as river?

Water leaving the catchment above VERMILION RIVER NEAR DANVILLE, IL, as a depth

The year's flow spread over the land draining to this gauge, in millimetres — the same unit rainfall is measured in. 1915–2025.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Computed by Hydrionis from the published annual mean flow and the catchment area the station's own publisher states. It is not a water balance: the difference between rainfall and runoff is not evaporation alone but also change in groundwater storage, water abstracted and taken elsewhere, and water imported by transfer schemes — which is why a catchment can yield more runoff than the rain that fell on it without anything being measured wrongly. A different area figure rescales every value here by the ratio between them.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	VERMILION RIVER NEAR DANVILLE, IL (mm)
1915	157
1916	217
1917	171
1918	246
1919	182
1920	194
1929	291
1930	212
1931	99.0
1932	150
1933	292
1934	87.0
1935	264
1936	230
1937	327
1938	332
1939	349
1940	108
1941	186
1942	320
1943	348
1944	243
1945	281
1946	302
1947	239
1948	238
1949	361
1950	490
1951	416
1952	309
1953	147
1954	37.0
1955	137
1956	177
1957	320
1958	290
1959	257
1960	202
1961	231
1962	355
1963	124
1964	188
1965	230
1966	174
1967	216
1968	338
1969	253
1970	258
1971	186
1972	345
1973	453
1974	496
1975	306
1976	179
1977	308
1978	205
1979	395
1980	209
1981	382
1982	488
1983	378
1984	353
1985	479
1986	252
1987	207
1988	152
1989	191
1990	527
1991	287
1992	318
1993	738
1994	329
1995	275
1996	248
1997	267
1998	468
1999	242
2000	88.0
2001	266
2002	382
2003	349
2004	474
2005	302
2006	337
2007	300
2008	537
2009	488
2010	326
2011	323
2012	134
2013	323
2014	315
2015	507
2016	301
2017	338
2018	434
2019	380
2020	343
2021	349
2022	254
2023	201
2024	305
2025	154

About this series

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Derived Computed by Hydrionis
Period held	1915–2025
Completeness	92.8% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	One period inside 1915–2025 holds no value: 1921 to 1928, 8 years with no reading. It is drawn as a break in the line and is never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1915 and is not continuous from it: 111 years separate the first value from the last, and 93% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Last read from the publisher	2026-08-24
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

Every gauge Hydrionis holds within this area

Gauges within the Vermilion and what each holds
Gauge	Measures	Values	Record
VERMILION RIVER NEAR DANVILLE, IL	catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow	207	1915–2026
VERMILION RIVER BLW VERMILION LK NEAR TOWER, MN	burned area within 50 km, catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow	151	1912–2026

How these gauges were attached to this water

Assigned by the publisher to a numbered basin Every gauge here is assigned to this drainage area by its own publisher, which issues the area an official code — 05120109. A drainage area is not a river: it contains the tributaries as well as the main channel, and a gauge in it may be on any of them.

What each gauge’s link to this water rests on
Gauge	Evidence	Established
VERMILION RIVER NEAR DANVILLE, IL	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-08-26
VERMILION RIVER BLW VERMILION LK NEAR TOWER, MN	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-08-26

What this record holds

Hydrionis decides which waters get a page, and which of those are offered to search, from what is actually held rather than from how the page reads. Five signals are counted; this record has 3 of them, which makes it a full profile.

Information-gain signals held for this water body
Signal	Held	Counts
Gauges holding a real record	2	no
Years spanned	115	yes, 20 or more
Values held	358	no
Distinct measurements	4	yes, 2 or more
Publishers measuring it	2	yes, 2 or more
Official identifiers	1	recorded, not counted

Use this data

Machine-readable JSON /api/v1/observations/by-subject/gauge-usgs-03339000.json
How to cite this, and who you must credit
How these figures were produced
Request this at a different scale, format or geography

No bulk download is offered here, which is a licence position rather than a product one: at least one contributing publisher does not permit redistribution. The values can be read on the page, cited, and pointed to at source.

Attribution and citation

Suggested citation for Hydrionis

Hydrionis (2026), Vermilion gauge records, accessed 2026-09-02, hydrionis.com/waters/united-states-vermilion/

Cite Hydrionis where you rely on values Hydrionis computed, on the method that produced them, or on the compilation itself. The underlying measurements remain the publishers’ and their attribution requirements apply to you directly.

Recommended, not required. Hydrionis does not claim rights over unmodified public data it relayed, and doing arithmetic on somebody else’s measurements does not make them Hydrionis’s. Cite the version and the access date: the Vermilion gauge records changes as publishers release and as methods are revised, and a citation without both cannot be checked later. Full guidance is on cite and reuse.

None of the contributing licences requires attribution. Crediting the publishers is still good practice and they are listed above.

Where these figures come from

MeasuredHigh confidence2025-04-05

Source: USGS — National Water Information System, USGS site 03339000, annual peak streamflow. Licence: Open.

Method: The instantaneous maximum discharge of each water year as published by USGS, dated to the day it occurred. One value per October-to-September water year; where the publisher lists both a systematic and a historic peak for a year, the larger is the annual maximum. Values the publisher marks as maximum daily averages are not held here, because they are not instantaneous peaks. Values marked as bounded rather than measured are held as censored observations carrying the bound. Cubic feet per second are converted to cubic metres per second and the publisher unit is recorded alongside.

Rating curves are extrapolated at extreme discharges, so the largest values in a peak series carry the largest measurement uncertainty. Data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System, a work of the United States government and therefore in the public domain.

Retrieved 31 August 2026.