The monitoring network within this area

Hydrionis holds 623 values from 2 gauges within it. Discharge is a property of a gauge and its reach, not of this drainage area, so this page reports the network and its records rather than a single figure.

Gauges

623

Values held

1901–2026

Record spans

Gauges within the Upper Grand huc8 subbasin

2 monitoring points, positioned as the publisher records them.

Flood peaks, as measured

This gauge's flood record, as measured. Unlike a daily mean it is the discharge at the moment the river was highest, which is the figure flood frequency analysis is built on.

Largest measured flow of each year at GRAND RIVER AT LANSING, MI

The highest instantaneous discharge the publisher recorded in each year — a flood peak as measured, not a daily average of one. 1901–2025.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Published by the gauge's own operator from its sub-daily record; Hydrionis stores the figure rather than recomputing it. A year the gauge did not cover produces no value rather than a low one, and the gaps are stated below the chart. A peak is a property of this gauge and its reach: a larger flood upstream or downstream of it is not in this series.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	GRAND RIVER AT LANSING, MI (m³/s)
1901	245
1902	190
1903	240
1904	694
1905	362
1906	195
1907	124
1908	345
1909	242
1910	183
1911	94.6
1912	263
1913	192
1914	191
1915	136
1916	314
1917	161
1918	447
1919	218
1920	195
1921	62.0
1922	142
1923	110
1924	117
1925	58.3
1926	195
1927	63.7
1928	88.1
1929	113
1930	127
1931	45.6
1932	76.2
1933	127
1934	119
1935	114
1936	70.5
1937	203
1938	200
1939	154
1940	118
1941	83.8
1942	213
1943	230
1944	176
1945	210
1946	145
1947	464
1948	340
1949	167
1950	234
1951	135
1952	176
1953	64.0
1954	137
1955	92.9
1956	218
1957	116
1958	67.4
1959	132
1960	229
1961	107
1962	128
1963	97.7
1964	44.7
1965	134
1966	84.7
1967	102
1968	242
1969	123
1970	115
1971	155
1972	111
1973	174
1974	208
1975	317
1976	194
1977	78.2
1978	132
1979	150
1980	91.7
1981	180
1982	249
1983	111
1984	75.0
1985	274
1986	169
1988	115
1989	132
1990	152
1992	123
1993	170
1994	135
1995	119
1996	139
1997	124
1998	145
1999	172
2000	98.5
2001	195
2003	91.7
2004	231
2005	168
2006	121
2007	114
2008	210
2009	196
2010	124
2011	180
2013	183
2014	143
2015	170
2016	97.1
2017	215
2018	271
2019	131
2020	199
2021	165
2022	119
2023	201
2024	158
2025	167

About this series

Everything below is a property of the data rather than a rating of it. There is deliberately no single confidence score: how much a gap matters depends on what you are about to do with the series, and only you know that.

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Measured
Period held	1901–2025
Completeness	96.8% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	4 separate periods inside 1901–2025 hold no value. They are drawn as breaks in the line and are never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1901 and is not continuous from it: 125 years separate the first value from the last, and 97% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Last read from the publisher	2026-10-01
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

How much of the rain came back out

A discharge in cubic metres per second cannot be compared with anything: the larger number may only mean the larger catchment. Divided by the area draining to the gauge it becomes a depth of water over that land, which answers a question a reader already has — of the rain that fell here, how much came back out as river?

Water leaving the catchment above RED CEDAR RIVER AT EAST LANSING, MI, as a depth

The year's flow spread over the land draining to this gauge, in millimetres — the same unit rainfall is measured in. 1903–2025.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Computed by Hydrionis from the published annual mean flow and the catchment area the station's own publisher states. It is not a water balance: the difference between rainfall and runoff is not evaporation alone but also change in groundwater storage, water abstracted and taken elsewhere, and water imported by transfer schemes — which is why a catchment can yield more runoff than the rain that fell on it without anything being measured wrongly. A different area figure rescales every value here by the ratio between them.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	RED CEDAR RIVER AT EAST LANSING, MI (mm)
1903	336
1932	187
1933	180
1934	70.0
1935	129
1936	101
1937	198
1938	183
1939	118
1940	141
1941	123
1942	206
1943	309
1944	154
1945	202
1946	147
1947	340
1948	308
1949	201
1950	358
1951	265
1952	246
1953	131
1954	213
1955	151
1956	263
1957	211
1958	103
1959	281
1960	227
1961	115
1962	138
1963	90.0
1964	45.0
1965	157
1966	148
1967	204
1968	274
1969	237
1970	180
1971	168
1972	220
1973	312
1974	319
1975	339
1976	263
1977	120
1978	134
1979	149
1980	201
1981	240
1982	231
1983	231
1984	160
1985	326
1986	290
1987	138
1988	190
1989	222
1990	283
1991	217
1992	331
1993	370
1994	365
1995	216
1996	186
1997	234
1998	260
1999	141
2000	161
2001	301
2002	176
2003	124
2004	230
2005	201
2006	271
2007	250
2008	347
2009	360
2010	183
2011	324
2012	158
2013	230
2014	252
2015	182
2016	268
2017	339
2018	304
2019	297
2020	298
2021	273
2022	225
2023	278
2024	252
2025	198

About this series

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Derived Computed by Hydrionis
Period held	1903–2025
Completeness	77.2% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	One period inside 1903–2025 holds no value: 1904 to 1931, 28 years with no reading. It is drawn as a break in the line and is never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1903 and is not continuous from it: 123 years separate the first value from the last, and 77% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Inputs last read	2026-10-01 · when the records this was computed from were last read from their publishers
Calculation date	2026-08-24 · when the calculation method was last versioned, not a reading of any publisher
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

Every gauge Hydrionis holds within this area

Gauges within the Upper Grand and what each holds
Gauge	Measures	Values	Record
GRAND RIVER AT LANSING, MI	catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow, mean river flow, water year	316	1901–2026
RED CEDAR RIVER AT EAST LANSING, MI	catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow, mean river flow, water year	307	1902–2026

How these gauges were attached to this water

Assigned by the publisher to a numbered basin Every gauge here is assigned to this drainage area by its own publisher, which issues the area an official code — 04050004. A drainage area is not a river: it contains the tributaries as well as the main channel, and a gauge in it may be on any of them.

What each gauge’s link to this water rests on
Gauge	Evidence	Established
GRAND RIVER AT LANSING, MI	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-10-02
RED CEDAR RIVER AT EAST LANSING, MI	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-10-02

What this record holds

Hydrionis decides which waters get a page, and which of those are offered to search, from what is actually held rather than from how the page reads. Five signals are counted; this record has 2 of them, which makes it a profile, not indexed.

Information-gain signals held for this water body
Signal	Held	Counts
Gauges holding a real record	2	no
Years spanned	126	yes, 20 or more
Values held	623	no
Distinct measurements	4	yes, 2 or more
Publishers measuring it	1	no
Official identifiers	1	recorded, not counted

Use this data

Machine-readable JSON /api/v1/observations/by-subject/gauge-usgs-04113000.json
How to cite this, and who you must credit
How these figures were produced
Request this at a different scale, format or geography

No bulk download is offered here, which is a licence position rather than a product one: at least one contributing publisher does not permit redistribution. The values can be read on the page, cited, and pointed to at source.

Attribution and citation

Suggested citation for Hydrionis

Hydrionis (2026), Upper Grand gauge records, accessed 2026-10-05, hydrionis.com/waters/united-states-upper-grand/

Cite Hydrionis where you rely on values Hydrionis computed, on the method that produced them, or on the compilation itself. The underlying measurements remain the publishers’ and their attribution requirements apply to you directly.

Recommended, not required. Hydrionis does not claim rights over unmodified public data it relayed, and doing arithmetic on somebody else’s measurements does not make them Hydrionis’s. Cite the version and the access date: the Upper Grand gauge records changes as publishers release and as methods are revised, and a citation without both cannot be checked later. Full guidance is on cite and reuse.

None of the contributing licences requires attribution. Crediting the publishers is still good practice and they are listed above.

Where these figures come from

MeasuredHigh confidence2025-04-05

Source: USGS — National Water Information System, USGS site 04113000, annual peak streamflow. Licence: Open.

Method: The instantaneous maximum discharge of each water year as published by USGS, dated to the day it occurred. One value per October-to-September water year; where the publisher lists both a systematic and a historic peak for a year, the larger is the annual maximum. Values the publisher marks as maximum daily averages are not held here, because they are not instantaneous peaks. Values marked as bounded rather than measured are held as censored observations carrying the bound. Cubic feet per second are converted to cubic metres per second and the publisher unit is recorded alongside.

Rating curves are extrapolated at extreme discharges, so the largest values in a peak series carry the largest measurement uncertainty. Data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System, a work of the United States government and therefore in the public domain.

Retrieved 1 October 2026.