The monitoring network within this area

Hydrionis holds 418 values from 2 gauges within it. Discharge is a property of a gauge and its reach, not of this drainage area, so this page reports the network and its records rather than a single figure.

Gauges

418

Values held

1893–2026

Record spans

Gauges within the Twin Cities huc8 subbasin

2 monitoring points, positioned as the publisher records them.

Flood peaks, as measured

This gauge's flood record, as measured. Unlike a daily mean it is the discharge at the moment the river was highest, which is the figure flood frequency analysis is built on.

Largest measured flow of each year at MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MN

The highest instantaneous discharge the publisher recorded in each year — a flood peak as measured, not a daily average of one. 1893–2025.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Published by the gauge's own operator from its sub-daily record; Hydrionis stores the figure rather than recomputing it. A year the gauge did not cover produces no value rather than a low one, and the gaps are stated below the chart. A peak is a property of this gauge and its reach: a larger flood upstream or downstream of it is not in this series.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MN (m³/s)
1893	1,665
1894	1,167
1895	273
1896	1,000
1897	2,441
1898	1,014
1899	1,042
1901	561
1902	561
1903	1,218
1905	1,693
1906	1,433
1907	1,433
1908	2,067
1909	1,385
1910	1,014
1911	239
1912	1,104
1913	447
1914	1,147
1915	881
1916	2,081
1917	1,943
1918	637
1919	1,543
1920	1,504
1921	552
1922	1,303
1923	374
1924	365
1925	476
1926	411
1927	991
1928	934
1929	1,297
1930	623
1936	1,062
1939	1,008
1940	671
1941	1,116
1942	858
1943	1,648
1944	1,611
1945	1,512
1946	1,161
1947	1,317
1948	1,328
1949	1,223
1950	1,526
1951	2,628
1952	3,540
1953	1,331
1954	1,232
1955	728
1956	988
1957	2,220
1958	515
1959	629
1960	1,226
1961	640
1962	1,597
1963	895
1964	946
1965	4,842
1966	1,399
1967	1,478
1968	773
1969	4,417
1970	1,014
1971	1,410
1972	1,461
1973	1,467
1974	1,119
1975	2,217
1976	946
1977	532
1978	1,136
1985	1,574
1986	2,359
1987	858
1993	2,945
1994	1,674
1995	1,526
1996	1,438
1997	3,794
1998	1,540
1999	1,773
2001	4,049
2002	1,229
2003	1,093
2004	1,337
2005	1,342
2006	1,724
2007	1,388
2008	1,348
2009	1,764
2010	2,784
2011	2,917
2012	1,815
2013	2,056
2014	3,256
2015	1,017
2016	1,402
2017	1,501
2018	2,152
2019	3,285
2020	2,141
2021	1,039
2022	1,954
2023	2,818
2024	3,256
2025	1,294

About this series

Everything below is a property of the data rather than a rating of it. There is deliberately no single confidence score: how much a gap matters depends on what you are about to do with the series, and only you know that.

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Measured
Period held	1893–2025
Completeness	84.2% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	7 separate periods inside 1893–2025 hold no value. The longest runs from 1979 to 1984 — 6 years with no reading. They are drawn as breaks in the line and are never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1893 and is not continuous from it: 133 years separate the first value from the last, and 84% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Last read from the publisher	2026-10-01
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

How much of the rain came back out

A discharge in cubic metres per second cannot be compared with anything: the larger number may only mean the larger catchment. Divided by the area draining to the gauge it becomes a depth of water over that land, which answers a question a reader already has — of the rain that fell here, how much came back out as river?

Water leaving the catchment above MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MN, as a depth

The year's flow spread over the land draining to this gauge, in millimetres — the same unit rainfall is measured in. 1901–2024.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Computed by Hydrionis from the published annual mean flow and the catchment area the station's own publisher states. It is not a water balance: the difference between rainfall and runoff is not evaporation alone but also change in groundwater storage, water abstracted and taken elsewhere, and water imported by transfer schemes — which is why a catchment can yield more runoff than the rain that fell on it without anything being measured wrongly. A different area figure rescales every value here by the ratio between them.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MN (mm)
1901	72.0
1902	57.0
1903	148
1904	97.0
1907	140
1908	148
1909	120
1910	64.0
1911	40.0
1912	62.0
1913	61.0
1914	93.0
1915	131
1916	188
1917	116
1918	67.0
1919	131
1920	132
1921	62.0
1922	78.0
1923	42.0
1924	42.0
1925	45.0
1926	44.0
1927	91.0
1928	81.0
1929	69.0
1930	47.0
1931	29.0
1932	38.0
1933	32.0
1934	18.0
1935	36.0
1936	48.0
1937	52.0
1938	82.0
1939	62.0
1940	41.0
1941	105
1942	102
1943	146
1944	161
1945	124
1946	119
1947	122
1948	90.0
1949	77.0
1950	116
1951	169
1952	179
1953	162
1954	111
1955	70.0
1956	76.0
1957	133
1958	53.0
1959	47.0
1960	87.0
1961	52.0
1962	137
1963	80.0
1964	73.0
1965	210
1966	147
1967	100
1968	114
1969	169
1970	94.0
1971	142
1972	183
1973	131
1974	110
1975	140
1976	51.0
1977	56.0
1978	127
1979	192
1980	80.0
1981	88.0
1982	159
1983	188
1984	214
1985	195
1986	289
1987	79.0
1988	46.0
1989	66.0
1990	86.0
1991	166
1992	147
1993	277
1994	189
1995	206
1996	162
1997	214
1998	145
1999	165
2000	87.0
2001	224
2002	145
2003	98.0
2004	115
2005	165
2006	132
2007	122
2008	119
2009	123
2010	233
2011	288
2012	119
2013	141
2014	208
2015	123
2016	228
2017	221
2018	252
2019	370
2020	198
2021	95.0
2022	150
2023	147
2024	206

About this series

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Derived Computed by Hydrionis
Period held	1901–2024
Completeness	98.4% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	One period inside 1901–2024 holds no value: 1905 to 1906, 2 years with no reading. It is drawn as a break in the line and is never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1901 and is not continuous from it: 124 years separate the first value from the last, and 98% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Inputs last read	2026-10-01 · when the records this was computed from were last read from their publishers
Calculation date	2026-08-24 · when the calculation method was last versioned, not a reading of any publisher
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

Every gauge Hydrionis holds within this area

Gauges within the Twin Cities and what each holds
Gauge	Measures	Values	Record
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MN	burned area within 50 km, catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow, mean river flow, water year	399	1893–2026
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT US HWY 169 AT CHAMPLIN, MN	catchment area, annual maximum river flow	19	1897–2026

How these gauges were attached to this water

Assigned by the publisher to a numbered basin Every gauge here is assigned to this drainage area by its own publisher, which issues the area an official code — 07010206. A drainage area is not a river: it contains the tributaries as well as the main channel, and a gauge in it may be on any of them.

What each gauge’s link to this water rests on
Gauge	Evidence	Established
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MN	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-10-02
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT US HWY 169 AT CHAMPLIN, MN	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-10-02

What this record holds

Hydrionis decides which waters get a page, and which of those are offered to search, from what is actually held rather than from how the page reads. Five signals are counted; this record has 3 of them, which makes it a full profile.

Information-gain signals held for this water body
Signal	Held	Counts
Gauges holding a real record	1	no
Years spanned	134	yes, 20 or more
Values held	418	no
Distinct measurements	5	yes, 2 or more
Publishers measuring it	2	yes, 2 or more
Official identifiers	1	recorded, not counted

Use this data

Machine-readable JSON /api/v1/observations/by-subject/gauge-usgs-05331000.json
How to cite this, and who you must credit
How these figures were produced
Request this at a different scale, format or geography

No bulk download is offered here, which is a licence position rather than a product one: at least one contributing publisher does not permit redistribution. The values can be read on the page, cited, and pointed to at source.

Attribution and citation

Suggested citation for Hydrionis

Hydrionis (2026), Twin Cities gauge records, accessed 2026-10-05, hydrionis.com/waters/united-states-twin-cities/

Cite Hydrionis where you rely on values Hydrionis computed, on the method that produced them, or on the compilation itself. The underlying measurements remain the publishers’ and their attribution requirements apply to you directly.

Recommended, not required. Hydrionis does not claim rights over unmodified public data it relayed, and doing arithmetic on somebody else’s measurements does not make them Hydrionis’s. Cite the version and the access date: the Twin Cities gauge records changes as publishers release and as methods are revised, and a citation without both cannot be checked later. Full guidance is on cite and reuse.

None of the contributing licences requires attribution. Crediting the publishers is still good practice and they are listed above.

Where these figures come from

MeasuredHigh confidence2025-07-10

Source: USGS — National Water Information System, USGS site 05331000, annual peak streamflow. Licence: Open.

Method: The instantaneous maximum discharge of each water year as published by USGS, dated to the day it occurred. One value per October-to-September water year; where the publisher lists both a systematic and a historic peak for a year, the larger is the annual maximum. Values the publisher marks as maximum daily averages are not held here, because they are not instantaneous peaks. Values marked as bounded rather than measured are held as censored observations carrying the bound. Cubic feet per second are converted to cubic metres per second and the publisher unit is recorded alongside.

Rating curves are extrapolated at extreme discharges, so the largest values in a peak series carry the largest measurement uncertainty. Data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System, a work of the United States government and therefore in the public domain.

Retrieved 1 October 2026.