The monitoring network within this area

Hydrionis holds 809 values from 3 gauges within it. Discharge is a property of a gauge and its reach, not of this drainage area, so this page reports the network and its records rather than a single figure.

Gauges

809

Values held

1901–2026

Record spans

Gauges within the Middle Roanoke huc8 subbasin

3 monitoring points, positioned as the publisher records them.

Flood peaks, as measured

This gauge's flood record, as measured. Unlike a daily mean it is the discharge at the moment the river was highest, which is the figure flood frequency analysis is built on.

Largest measured flow of each year at ROANOKE (STAUNTON) RIVER AT RANDOLPH, VA

The highest instantaneous discharge the publisher recorded in each year — a flood peak as measured, not a daily average of one. 1901–2024.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Published by the gauge's own operator from its sub-daily record; Hydrionis stores the figure rather than recomputing it. A year the gauge did not cover produces no value rather than a low one, and the gaps are stated below the chart. A peak is a property of this gauge and its reach: a larger flood upstream or downstream of it is not in this series.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	ROANOKE (STAUNTON) RIVER AT RANDOLPH, VA (m³/s)
1901	1,699
1903	1,331
1904	283
1905	963
1906	1,104
1908	963
1909	651
1910	595
1911	538
1912	1,784
1913	1,472
1915	1,019
1917	1,189
1918	680
1919	991
1920	1,841
1921	566
1922	651
1923	1,359
1924	736
1926	680
1927	821
1928	2,110
1929	702
1931	651
1932	906
1934	765
1936	1,557
1937	1,189
1939	1,246
1940	4,248
1941	538
1942	821
1943	991
1944	2,124
1945	1,501
1946	850
1947	708
1948	1,189
1950	1,076
1952	895
1953	654
1954	708
1956	419
1957	810
1958	799
1959	810
1961	674
1962	912
1964	419
1965	617
1966	510
1967	674
1968	300
1969	606
1970	394
1971	716
1972	2,053
1973	872
1974	773
1975	1,668
1976	493
1977	612
1978	1,591
1979	1,563
1980	654
1981	263
1982	682
1983	1,042
1984	940
1985	1,048
1987	2,161
1988	351
1989	971
1990	694
1992	943
1993	1,223
1994	1,028
1995	1,518
1996	2,529
1998	1,031
1999	311
2000	583
2001	549
2002	147
2003	1,031
2004	552
2005	623
2007	674
2008	498
2009	439
2010	527
2012	725
2013	742
2014	728
2015	439
2017	773
2018	903
2020	1,028
2022	484
2023	600
2024	946

About this series

Everything below is a property of the data rather than a rating of it. There is deliberately no single confidence score: how much a gap matters depends on what you are about to do with the series, and only you know that.

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Measured
Period held	1901–2024
Completeness	82.3% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	22 separate periods inside 1901–2024 hold no value. They are drawn as breaks in the line and are never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1901 and is not continuous from it: 124 years separate the first value from the last, and 82% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Last read from the publisher	2026-10-01
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

How much of the rain came back out

A discharge in cubic metres per second cannot be compared with anything: the larger number may only mean the larger catchment. Divided by the area draining to the gauge it becomes a depth of water over that land, which answers a question a reader already has — of the rain that fell here, how much came back out as river?

Water leaving the catchment above FALLING RIVER NEAR NARUNA, VA, as a depth

The year's flow spread over the land draining to this gauge, in millimetres — the same unit rainfall is measured in. 1930–2024.

Show relevant events (1 event)Shading marks when something was recorded, not what caused the line.

Computed by Hydrionis from the published annual mean flow and the catchment area the station's own publisher states. It is not a water balance: the difference between rainfall and runoff is not evaporation alone but also change in groundwater storage, water abstracted and taken elsewhere, and water imported by transfer schemes — which is why a catchment can yield more runoff than the rain that fell on it without anything being measured wrongly. A different area figure rescales every value here by the ratio between them.

What the shaded periods are (1 event)

A shaded period marks when something was recorded, not what caused the shape of the line. Where the two coincide, they coincided.

Documented record — A documented event, compiled from cited sources after it happened. The dates are as good as the record, which for older events can mean the month rather than the day.

Event	Type	Period	Standing	Authority
Hurricane Katrina water and sanitation collapse	Flood	2005-08-29 – 2005-09-30	Documented record	Compiled record

Not shown on this chart

The 1976 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
The 2022 drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Yorkshire drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cantareira water crisis, São Paulo — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
Cape Town Day Zero — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.
European drought — This event’s area does not contain this chart’s subject. Sharing a country is not sharing an event, so it is not drawn.

View the data behind this chart

Underlying data
Period	FALLING RIVER NEAR NARUNA, VA (mm)
1930	165
1931	175
1932	282
1933	242
1942	313
1943	310
1944	380
1945	453
1946	350
1947	298
1948	468
1949	386
1950	340
1951	313
1952	365
1953	272
1954	218
1955	281
1956	165
1957	299
1958	389
1959	233
1960	337
1961	370
1962	410
1963	217
1964	189
1965	186
1966	194
1967	201
1968	165
1969	157
1970	150
1971	423
1972	689
1973	474
1974	335
1975	456
1976	334
1977	212
1978	437
1979	510
1980	273
1981	172
1982	295
1983	371
1984	408
1985	377
1986	185
1987	449
1988	207
1989	459
1990	493
1991	284
1992	281
1993	495
1994	381
1995	353
1996	724
1997	335
1998	502
1999	236
2000	197
2001	149
2002	150
2003	632
2004	313
2005	235
2006	290
2007	254
2008	203
2009	353
2010	321
2011	190
2012	161
2013	243
2014	252
2017	206
2018	426
2019	342
2020	717
2021	341
2022	198
2023	268
2024	424

About this series

Source	United States Geological Survey — National Water Information System · US Government work — public domain
How the values came to exist	Derived Computed by Hydrionis
Period held	1930–2024
Completeness	89.5% of the periods in that span are held. Gaps are drawn as breaks and never interpolated.
Known gaps	2 separate periods inside 1930–2024 hold no value. The longest runs from 1934 to 1941 — 8 years with no reading. They are drawn as breaks in the line and are never interpolated across.
Continuity	The record begins in 1930 and is not continuous from it: 95 years separate the first value from the last, and 89% of the years between them are held. The span is not the record.
Inputs last read	2026-10-01 · when the records this was computed from were last read from their publishers
Calculation date	2026-08-24 · when the calculation method was last versioned, not a reading of any publisher
Redistribution	Permitted by the upstream licences
Commercial reuse	Permitted by the upstream licences. No Hydrionis access tier can widen this.
Methodology	How this was produced

Every gauge Hydrionis holds within this area

Gauges within the Middle Roanoke and what each holds
Gauge	Measures	Values	Record
FALLING RIVER NEAR NARUNA, VA	burned area within 50 km, catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow, mean river flow, water year	295	1929–2026
ROANOKE (STAUNTON) RIVER AT BROOKNEAL, VA	burned area within 50 km, catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow, mean river flow, water year	265	1924–2026
ROANOKE (STAUNTON) RIVER AT RANDOLPH, VA	catchment area, annual maximum river flow, mean river flow, mean river flow, water year	249	1901–2026

How these gauges were attached to this water

Assigned by the publisher to a numbered basin Every gauge here is assigned to this drainage area by its own publisher, which issues the area an official code — 03010102. A drainage area is not a river: it contains the tributaries as well as the main channel, and a gauge in it may be on any of them.

What each gauge’s link to this water rests on
Gauge	Evidence	Established
FALLING RIVER NEAR NARUNA, VA	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-10-02
ROANOKE (STAUNTON) RIVER AT BROOKNEAL, VA	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-10-02
ROANOKE (STAUNTON) RIVER AT RANDOLPH, VA	Stated by the publisher — USGS site service, huc_cd field — https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/site/ ; named from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset 8-digit HU (Subbasin) layer — https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/wbd/MapServer/4	2026-10-02

What this record holds

Hydrionis decides which waters get a page, and which of those are offered to search, from what is actually held rather than from how the page reads. Five signals are counted; this record has 4 of them, which makes it a full profile.

Information-gain signals held for this water body
Signal	Held	Counts
Gauges holding a real record	3	yes, 3 or more
Years spanned	126	yes, 20 or more
Values held	809	no
Distinct measurements	5	yes, 2 or more
Publishers measuring it	2	yes, 2 or more
Official identifiers	1	recorded, not counted

Use this data

Machine-readable JSON /api/v1/observations/by-subject/gauge-usgs-02064000.json
How to cite this, and who you must credit
How these figures were produced
Request this at a different scale, format or geography

No bulk download is offered here, which is a licence position rather than a product one: at least one contributing publisher does not permit redistribution. The values can be read on the page, cited, and pointed to at source.

Attribution and citation

Suggested citation for Hydrionis

Hydrionis (2026), Middle Roanoke gauge records, accessed 2026-10-05, hydrionis.com/waters/united-states-middle-roanoke/

Cite Hydrionis where you rely on values Hydrionis computed, on the method that produced them, or on the compilation itself. The underlying measurements remain the publishers’ and their attribution requirements apply to you directly.

Recommended, not required. Hydrionis does not claim rights over unmodified public data it relayed, and doing arithmetic on somebody else’s measurements does not make them Hydrionis’s. Cite the version and the access date: the Middle Roanoke gauge records changes as publishers release and as methods are revised, and a citation without both cannot be checked later. Full guidance is on cite and reuse.

None of the contributing licences requires attribution. Crediting the publishers is still good practice and they are listed above.

Where these figures come from

MeasuredHigh confidence2024-10-01

Source: USGS — National Water Information System, USGS site 02064000, annual peak streamflow. Licence: Open.

Method: The instantaneous maximum discharge of each water year as published by USGS, dated to the day it occurred. One value per October-to-September water year; where the publisher lists both a systematic and a historic peak for a year, the larger is the annual maximum. Values the publisher marks as maximum daily averages are not held here, because they are not instantaneous peaks. Values marked as bounded rather than measured are held as censored observations carrying the bound. Cubic feet per second are converted to cubic metres per second and the publisher unit is recorded alongside.

Rating curves are extrapolated at extreme discharges, so the largest values in a peak series carry the largest measurement uncertainty. Data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System, a work of the United States government and therefore in the public domain.

Retrieved 1 October 2026.