Global Historical Climatology Network — Daily (GHCN-Daily)
Daily land surface observations from over 100,000 stations in 180 countries: precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature, snowfall and snow depth, assembled from national meteorological services and put through a common suite of quality-assurance checks. Individual station records reach back to the 1830s, which makes it the deepest openly redistributable daily climate record there is.
Rights
- Commercial reuse
- Yes
- Redistribution
- Yes
- Derivative use
- Yes
- Attribution required
- No
- Restrictions
- Applies to material authored by US federal agencies. Third-party material carried within a federal product may be separately protected.
- Terms last checked
- 27 August 2026
Access and coverage
- Publisher
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
- Website
- https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/land-based-station/global-historical-climatology-network-daily
- Geographic coverage
- Global; Hydrionis holds stations in nine jurisdictions where it already measures water
- Temporal coverage
- 1827 onwards
- Resolution
- Point station, daily
- Update frequency
- daily
- Formats
- csv, txt
- Bulk download
- Available
- Registration required
- No
- Cost to Hydrionis
- Free
- Domains
- precipitation, temperature, snow ice
Notes
Hydrionis holds a deliberately small subset. Stations were chosen by record length and by distance to a Hydrionis measurement point, so that every rainfall series sits near a river gauge, borehole or reservoir Hydrionis already reports — the published station list records the selection and each station’s measured distance to its nearest Hydrionis point. Values carrying any GHCN quality flag are not stored: the flag means the publisher’s own checks doubted the reading, and Hydrionis does not plot a value its publisher distrusts beside ones it does not. NOAA asks that the dataset be cited; the licence does not require attribution, and Hydrionis attributes anyway.
What Hydrionis holds from this publisher
The publisher’s own coverage is above. This is what Hydrionis has actually taken from it, at the subjects it measures — gauges, boreholes, reservoirs or places.
What is measured
- Daily maximum air temperature · °C
- Daily minimum air temperature · °C
- Daily precipitation · mm
- Snow depth · mm
How current it is
- Partial record held
- NOAA NCEI offers more than Hydrionis currently holds. The newest value here covers 2026-08; the gap is a deliberate limit on what has been collected, not a limit on the source. GHCN-Daily holds over 100,000 stations worldwide. Hydrionis holds forty-six, chosen for record length and for proximity to its own measurement points, and four of the elements they carry. This is a deliberate subset, not the limit of what NOAA publishes.GHCN-Daily holds over 100,000 stations worldwide. Hydrionis holds forty-six, chosen for record length and for proximity to its own measurement points, and four of the elements they carry. This is a deliberate subset, not the limit of what NOAA publishes.
Hydrionis products built from it
Where this publisher’s data reaches a reader. Each has its own page, with its licence and how to cite it.