Two long Nordic river records, moving in opposite directions
Sweden and Finland publish the two deepest daily river-flow archives Hydrionis holds — nearly twenty million measured days between them, the earliest from 1851. Their longest individual records disagree. Discharge at Övre Hyndevad, on a Swedish basin gauged since 1889, averages about a fifth lower across the last three decades than the first three; at Muroleenkoski, gauged in Finland since 1863, it averages higher. Both are regulated basins, and decade-to-decade variation within each record is larger than the difference between its ends. That is the finding: two century-long records a few hundred kilometres apart do not agree on a direction, so neither is evidence of one.
What the two archives hold
Both publishers compute the daily value themselves, from their own measurement and their own rating curves, and Hydrionis stores the number they publish. Nothing here is a mean Hydrionis derived.
| Archive | Stations | Measured days | Earliest | Century records | Still reporting | Median completeness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sweden | 694 | 9,507,623 | 1851 | 28 | 300 | 97.7% |
| Finland | 671 | 10,327,195 | 1847 | 25 | 432 | 98.6% |
Sweden’s archive is the better known and reaches back further as a network: 1851 against Finland’s 1847. The deepest single record is Finnish. Muroleenkoski has been gauged since 1863 and holds 59,772 measured days across 164 years, against 50,273 days over 138 years at ÖVRE HYNDEVAD, the deepest Swedish record.
ÖVRE HYNDEVAD: 1889–2026
50,273 measured days, 100% of the days in its own span, in the NORRSTRÖM basin. Decades are drawn only where at least 3,000 days are held, so a decade missing from the chart is a gap in the record rather than a gap in the river.
A decadal mean of daily discharge at one gauge. Discharge is a property of a gauge and its reach, and both of these basins are regulated, so a change here can be regulation, abstraction, land use or climate, and this series cannot separate them.
View the data behind this chart
| Period | ÖVRE HYNDEVAD (m³/s) |
|---|---|
| 1890 | 29.5 |
| 1900 | 23.5 |
| 1910 | 24.8 |
| 1920 | 25.4 |
| 1930 | 23.0 |
| 1940 | 18.4 |
| 1950 | 28.1 |
| 1960 | 26.4 |
| 1970 | 20.7 |
| 1980 | 27.9 |
| 1990 | 19.2 |
| 2000 | 22.1 |
| 2010 | 21.0 |
Muroleenkoski: 1863–2026
59,772 measured days, 100% of the days in its own span, in the Kokemäenjoki basin. Decades are drawn only where at least 3,000 days are held, so a decade missing from the chart is a gap in the record rather than a gap in the river.
A decadal mean of daily discharge at one gauge. Discharge is a property of a gauge and its reach, and both of these basins are regulated, so a change here can be regulation, abstraction, land use or climate, and this series cannot separate them.
View the data behind this chart
| Period | Muroleenkoski (m³/s) |
|---|---|
| 1870 | 52.0 |
| 1880 | 41.5 |
| 1890 | 53.6 |
| 1900 | 53.8 |
| 1910 | 49.3 |
| 1920 | 58.2 |
| 1930 | 54.9 |
| 1940 | 43.4 |
| 1950 | 53.9 |
| 1960 | 53.3 |
| 1970 | 52.0 |
| 1980 | 67.8 |
| 1990 | 56.6 |
| 2000 | 52.7 |
| 2010 | 49.8 |
The two records disagree
| Gauge | First three decades | Last three decades | Difference | Widest decade gap |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ÖVRE HYNDEVAD (Sweden) | 26.0 m³/s | 20.7 m³/s | -20.1% | 61% |
| Muroleenkoski (Finland) | 49.0 m³/s | 53.0 m³/s | +8.1% | 63% |
The Swedish record falls by 20 per cent between its first three decades and its last three. The Finnish record over a longer span rises by 8 per cent. Neither figure is small, and they point opposite ways.
The final column is why neither should be read as a trend. At both gauges the gap between the wettest decade on record and the driest is several times the difference between the record’s two ends. A century of daily measurement at one gauge describes that gauge very well and settles nothing about direction.
Data behind this
Every figure above is computed from these datasets at build time rather than written into the text. If the underlying record changes, this page changes with it.
Citation
Hydrionis (2026), Two long Nordic river records, moving in opposite directions, version 1.0. Retrieved from https://hydrionis.com/research/two-centuries-of-nordic-river-flow/